1. Ihame n'ibiranga tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu
Igikoresho cyo kubika ingufu kigizwe nibikoresho byo kubika ingufu hamwe nigikoresho cyo kubona amashanyarazi kigizwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bihinduka ibice bibiri byingenzi bya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.Igikoresho cyo kubika ingufu ni ngombwa kumenya ububiko bwingufu, kurekura cyangwa guhana ingufu byihuse.Igikoresho cyogukoresha amashanyarazi kimenya uburyo bubiri bwo guhererekanya ingufu no guhinduranya hagati yububiko bwibikoresho byingufu na gride yamashanyarazi, kandi ikamenya imirimo yo kugenzura ingufu zamashanyarazi, kuzamura ingufu, kwizerwa kwamashanyarazi no gukomera kwa sisitemu.
Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ifite ubushobozi butandukanye, kuva kilowat icumi kugeza kuri megawatt amagana;Igihe cyo gusohora umwanya munini, kuva milisegonda kugeza kumasaha;Urutonde rwagutse, mumashanyarazi yose, kohereza, gukwirakwiza, sisitemu y'amashanyarazi;Ubushakashatsi nogukoresha tekinoroji nini yo kubika ingufu nini cyane biratangira, iyi ikaba ari ingingo nshya kandi nubushakashatsi bushyushye mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga.
2. Uburyo rusange bwo kubika ingufu
Kugeza ubu, tekinoroji yingenzi yo kubika ingufu zirimo kubika ingufu zumubiri (nko kubika ingufu zapompa, kubika ingufu zo mu kirere zihunitse, kubika ingufu za flawheel, nibindi), kubika ingufu za chimique (nkubwoko bwose bwa bateri, ingufu za peteroli zishobora kongera ingufu, gutemba kwamazi bateri, supercapacitori, nibindi) hamwe nububiko bwingufu za electromagnetique (nko kubika ingufu za electronique magnetique, nibindi).
1) Ububiko bukuze kandi bukoreshwa cyane mububiko bwa pompe ni ububiko bwa pompe, bukaba ari ingenzi mu kugenzura impinga, kuzuza ingano, guhinduranya inshuro, kugenzura ibyiciro no kubika ibyihutirwa bya sisitemu.Igihe cyo kurekura ububiko bwa pompe kirashobora kuva kumasaha make kugeza kuminsi mike, kandi imbaraga zacyo zo guhindura ingufu ziri murwego rwa 70% kugeza 85%.Igihe cyo kubaka pompe yububiko bwa pompe ni kirekire kandi kigarukira kubutaka.Iyo amashanyarazi ari kure y’ahantu hakoreshwa amashanyarazi, igihombo cyohereza ni kinini.Ububiko bw’ingufu zo mu kirere zashyizwe mu bikorwa bwatangiye gukoreshwa mu 1978, ariko ntabwo bwatejwe imbere cyane kubera imiterere y’ubutaka n’imiterere ya geologiya.Ububiko bw'ingufu za Flywheel bukoresha moteri kugirango igendere isazi izunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi, ihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu za mashini kandi ikabika.Iyo bibaye ngombwa, isazi itwara generator kubyara amashanyarazi.Ububiko bwa Flywheel burangwa nubuzima burebure, nta mwanda, kubungabunga bike, ariko ubwinshi bwingufu, zishobora gukoreshwa nkinyongera kuri sisitemu ya batiri.
2) Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwo kubika ingufu za chimique, hamwe ninzego zitandukanye ziterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nibisabwa:
(1) Kubika ingufu za bateri nubuhanga bukuze kandi bwizewe bwo kubika ingufu muri iki gihe.Ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye bya shimi byakoreshejwe, birashobora kugabanywamo bateri ya aside-aside, bateri ya nikel-kadmium, bateri ya hydride ya nikel, batiri ya lithium-ion, batiri ya sodium sulfure, nibindi. bikozwe muri sisitemu yo kubika byinshi, kandi ikiguzi cyingufu nigiciro cya sisitemu ni gito, umutekano kandi wizewe kandi kongera gukoresha ni byiza gutegereza ibiranga, kuri ubu ni uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zifatika, bwabaye mumashanyarazi make, sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi. , kimwe na bito n'ibiciriritse muri sisitemu yagabanijwe ikoreshwa cyane, ariko kubera ko isasu ari umwanda mwinshi w'icyuma, bateri ya aside-aside ntabwo ari ejo hazaza.Batteri yateye imbere nka lithium-ion, sodium-sulfure na nikel-ibyuma bya hydride ya hydride ifite igiciro kinini, kandi tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu nini ntabwo ikuze.Imikorere y'ibicuruzwa ntishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu kubika ingufu muri iki gihe, kandi ubukungu ntibushobora gucuruzwa.
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.Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu zikoreshwa mu bihugu byerekana nka Amerika, Ubudage, Ubuyapani n'Ubwongereza, ariko biracyari mu bushakashatsi n'iterambere mu Bushinwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-17-2022
