1.Ingufu zikenewe ku isi ziragenda ziyongera buhoro buhoro
Muri 2020, icyifuzo cya gaze gasanzwe kizagabanuka 1,9%.Ibi biterwa ahanini nimpinduka zikoreshwa ryingufu mugihe cyibyangiritse cyane byatewe nicyorezo gishya.Ariko icyarimwe, iyi nayo ni ibisubizo byubukonje bukabije mu gice cy’amajyaruguru umwaka ushize.
Mu isuzuma ry’umutekano ku isi ku isi, Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu (IEA) cyavuze ko icyifuzo cya gaze gisanzwe gishobora kongera kwiyongera 3,6% mu 2021. Niba bitagenzuwe, mu 2024, ikoreshwa rya gaze gasanzwe ku isi rishobora kwiyongera 7% bivuye ku rwego mbere y’icyorezo gishya.
Nubwo inzibacyuho ziva mu makara zijya muri gaze karemano zikomeje, ubwiyongere bw’ibikenerwa na gaze biteganijwe ko buzagenda buhoro.Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu cyavuze ko guverinoma zishobora gukenera gushyiraho amategeko kugira ngo ubwiyongere bw’imyuka ihumanya ikirere itazaba ikibazo - dukeneye politiki nini yo kwimukira mu ntego y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.
Muri 2011, ibiciro bya gaze gasanzwe mu Burayi byazamutseho 600%.Kuva mu 2022 kugeza ubu, uruhererekane rw'uruhererekane rwatewe n'amakimbirane hagati y'Uburusiya na Ukraine na rwo rwatumye mu buryo butaziguye ingufu nke ku isi, kandi itangwa rya peteroli, gaze gasanzwe n'amashanyarazi ryagize ingaruka cyane.
Mu majyaruguru y’isi, intangiriro ya 2021 ihagarikwa nuruhererekane rwibihe bikonje bikabije.Uturere twinshi two muri Amerika twibasiwe na polar vortex, izana urubura, shelegi nubushyuhe buke muri leta ya Texas yepfo. Ubundi imbeho ikonje cyane mu gice cy’amajyaruguru izashyira ingufu kuri sisitemu yo gutanga gaze isanzwe.
Kugira ngo duhangane n’ingufu zigenda ziyongera mu gihe cyubukonje, ntabwo ari ngombwa gukemura gusa ibibazo bizanwa n’ibarura rya gaze gasanzwe.Guha akazi amato yo gutwara LNG kwisi yose nabyo bizagerwaho nubushobozi budahagije bwo kohereza, bigatuma bigorana kandi bihenze guhangana nubwiyongere bukenewe bwingufu.Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu cyagize kiti: “Mu bihe bitatu bishize mu gihe cy'imvura yo mu majyaruguru, aho buri munsi amafaranga yo gukodesha ubwato LNG yazamutse agera ku madorari arenga 100000.Muri Mutarama 2021, ubukonje butunguranye mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, mu gihe habuze ikibazo nyacyo cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa, amafaranga yo gukodesha ubwato ageze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mateka arenga amadorari 200000. ”
Noneho, mu itumba ryo muri 2022, nigute dushobora kwirinda ingaruka mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi kubera kubura amikoro?Iki nikibazo gikwiye kubitekerezaho
2.Ingufu zijyanye n'ubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi
Ingufu bivuga ibikoresho bishobora gutanga ingufu.Ingufu hano ubusanzwe zerekeza ku mbaraga zumuriro, ingufu zamashanyarazi, ingufu zumucyo, ingufu za mashini, ingufu za chimique, nibindi. Ibikoresho bishobora gutanga ingufu za kinetic, ingufu za mashini nimbaraga kubantu.
Ingufu zishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu ukurikije amasoko: (1) Ingufu zituruka ku zuba.Harimo ingufu zituruka ku zuba (nk'ingufu z'izuba zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba) n'imbaraga zitaziguye zituruka ku zuba (nk'amakara, peteroli, gaze gasanzwe, shale ya peteroli n'andi mabuye y'agaciro yaka kimwe n'ingufu za biyomasi nk'ibiti bya peteroli, ingufu z'amazi na ingufu z'umuyaga).(2) Ingufu zituruka ku isi ubwazo.Imwe muri zo ni ingufu za geothermal zikubiye mu isi, nk'amazi ashyushye yo mu kuzimu, amavuta yo mu kuzimu hamwe n'ubutare bwumye bwumye;Indi ni ingufu za kirimbuzi za kirimbuzi zikubiye mu bicanwa bya kirimbuzi nka uranium na thorium mu butaka bw'isi..
Kugeza ubu, peteroli, gaze karemano n’ibindi bikoresho bitanga ingufu birahagije.Turashobora gusuzuma imbaraga tuzakoresha?Igisubizo ni yego.Nka nkingi yizuba ryizuba, izuba ritanga ingufu nyinshi kwisi buri munsi.Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga ryacu, igipimo cyo gukoresha ingufu zizuba kigenda gitera imbere buhoro buhoro, kandi cyateye imbere muburyo bwikoranabuhanga rishobora kubona ingufu kubiciro buke.Ihame ry'ikoranabuhanga ni ugukoresha imirasire y'izuba kugirango yakire ingufu z'imirasire y'izuba no kuyihindura mububiko bw'amashanyarazi.Kugeza ubu, igisubizo gihenze kiboneka kumiryango ni bateri ya batiri + bateri yo kubika ingufu zo murugo / bateri yo kubika hanze.
Ndashaka gutanga urugero hano kugirango ngufashe kumva neza iki gicuruzwa.
Hari uwambajije, amashanyarazi angana iki watt 100 yumuriro wizuba kumunsi?
100 W * 4 h = 400 W h = 0.4 kWt (kWh)
Bateri imwe ya 12V100Ah = 12V * 100AH = 1200Wh
Kubwibyo, niba ushaka kwishyuza byuzuye bateri ya 12V100AH, ugomba guhora uyishyuza ingufu zizuba 300W mumasaha 4.
Mubisanzwe, bateri ni 12V 100Ah, bityo bateri yuzuye kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mubisanzwe irashobora gusohora 12V x 100Ah x 80% = 960Wh
Iyo ukoresheje ibikoresho 300W, mubyukuri 960Wh / 300W = 3.2h, irashobora gukoreshwa mumasaha 3.2.Muri ubwo buryo, bateri ya 24V 100Ah irashobora gukoreshwa mumasaha 6.4.
muyandi magambo.Bateri ya 100ah ikeneye gusa gukoresha imirasire yizuba kugirango yishyure amasaha 4 kugirango ushushe ubushyuhe buto mumasaha 3.2.
Ikintu cyingenzi nuko iyi ari iboneza ryo hasi ku isoko.Byagenda bite turamutse tuyisimbuje ikibaho kinini na bateri nini yo kubika ingufu?Iyo tubisimbuje bateri nini zo kubika ingufu hamwe nizuba, twizera ko bishobora gutanga ibyo dukeneye murugo bya buri munsi.
Kurugero, bateri yo kubika ingufu FP-F2000 yagenewe ingendo zo hanze, kuburyo bworoshye kandi bworoshye.Batare ifite ubushobozi bwa 2200Wh.Niba ibikoresho bya 300w bikoreshejwe, birashobora gukoreshwa ubudahwema amasaha 7.3.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-16-2022
